*The mouthparts need to be dissected in order to see the mouthpart characters referred to in these keys.

Front tarsus with 4 articles; mxillary palpi and labial palpi without pseudo-articles ------ 2

2. Maxillary palpi extremely elongate; labial palpi stylate ------------------------- 3

Maxillary palpi not elongate; labial palpi not stylate ------------------------------------- 6

3. Galea with long seate on mesal surface; lacinia without distinctive distribution of spines
interdigitating with spinose scales; anterior-lateral angles of mentum not prolonged into spinose
processes; gland opeing on tergite VII large ---------------------------------- Diglotta

Galea without setae on mesal surface (Figure); lacinia with distinctive distribution of spines
interdigitating with spinose scales (Figure); anterior-lateral angles of mentum prolonged into spinose
processes (Figure); gland opening on tergite VII small --------------------------------------- 4

4. Body fusiform; hypomera not visible in lateral view; postero-lateral margins of elytra
sinuate; tergite X bifid ------------------------------------------------------- Myllaena

Body not fusiform; hypomera visible in lateral view; postero-lateral margins of elytra not
sinuate; tergite X not bifid --------------------------------------------------------------------5

5. Pronotum subquadrate; mesocoxal cavities contiguous; posterior margin of mesocoxal
acetabula not margined; mesosternal process sharply pointed; abdominal segment IX without
distinct circular setal pattern; tergites impressed at base -------------------- Bryothinusa

Pronotum transverse; mesocoxal cavities widely separated; posterior margin of mesocoxal
acetabula margined; mesosternal process broadly rounded; abdominal segment IX with distinct
circular setal pattern (Figure); tergites not impressed at base --------------------------- Rothium

6. Mandible with blunt apex (Figure); front and middle tibiae with spines (Figure) ------------- 7

Mandible with sharp apex; front and middle tibiae without spines ------------------------ 9

7. Head without infraorbital carina; elytra longer than pronotum; hind wings present; internal
circular sclerites present at base of metasternum ------------------------------Tarphiota

Head with infraorbital carina; elytra shorter than pronotum; hind wings absent; internal
circular-shaped sclerites absent at base of metasternum ------------------------------------ 8

8. Antennomeres 5--10 transverse; mandible (Figure) with subapically
oriented median tooth; ligula (Figure) narrow and bifid; scutellum octagonal; mesocoxal
cavities contiguous; mesosternal process sharp; elytra slightly sinuate apico-laterally; tarsal
formula 4-4-5 ----------------------------------------------------------------- Thinusa

Antennomeres 8--10 transverse; mandible (Figure) with laterally oriented median tooth;
ligula wide and bifid; scutellum diamond-shape; mesocoxal cavities separated;
mesosternal process round; elytra strongly sinuate apico-laterally; tarsal formula 4-5-5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pontomalota

9. Middle tarsus with 5 articles ---------------------------------------------- Atheta

Middle tarsus with 4 articles --------------------------------------------------------- 10

10. Base of head and pronotum longitudinally impressed; neck present; pronotum narrowed
behind middle ---------------------------------------------------------------- Bryobiota

Base of head and pronotum not impressed; neck absent; pronotum not narrowed behind
middle ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

11. Mesocoxa separated ----------------------------------------------------------12

Mesocoxa contiguous ------------------------------------------------------------ 13

12. Ligula bifid; infraorbital carina absent; tergite III-V impressed at base
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Thinobiosus

Ligula simple; infraorbital carina present; tergite III-VI impressed at base
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Heterota

13. Ligula bifid; elytra longer than pronotum; hind wings present -------------------------- 14

Ligula simple; elytra shorter than pronotum; hind wings absent ---------------------------- 15

14. Spinule-like vestige absent on galeal surface; two medial setae present on prementum;
setae absent on ligula; hypoglossa not distinct ------------------------------------ Cameronium

Spinule-like vestige present on galeal surface; one medial seta present on prementum; setae
present on ligula; hypoglossa distinct, with long spines (Figure) --------------------- Salinamexus

15. Median tooth of right mandible (Figure) not triangular; lacinia (Figure)
distinctive, with large apical spine, four short spine more medially and one large spine behind
these; anterior margin of abdominal tergites III--VI deeply and broadly V-shaped; apical lobe
of paramere (Figure) more or less diamond-shaped ------------------------------ Amblopusa

Median tooth of right mandible triangular; lacinia with about 10 spines of subequal size in a row
near apex anterior margin of abdominal tergites III--VI straight; apical lobe of paramere (Figure)
long ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16

16. Labrum (Figure) transverse; mandible (Figure) with small teeth between apex and median
tooth; article 3 of maxillary palpus ovoid; several setae only on mesal surface of galea,
and apex of galea with setae (Figure); mentum (Figure) triangular, deeply incised with
V-shaped emargination at apex; ratio of pronotal length to elytral length less than 1.3;
metasternal length almost same as mesocoxal width; posterior margin of abdominal tergite X not
sclerotized; spermathecal tube (Figure) long and coiled ------------------- Paramblopusa

Labrum semicircular or narrow trapezpidal; article 3 of maxillary palpus dilated distally;
many setae on mesal surface of galea, and apex of galea with dense setae; mentum not triangular;
mandible without or with large teeth between apex and median tooth; ratio of
pronotal length to elytral length more than 1.3; metasternal length shorter than half of
mesocoxal width; posterior margin of abdominal tergite X sclerotized; spermathecal tube
short and straight -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17

17. Setae absent between facets of compound eyes; labrum (Figure) very narrow, trapezoidal
and more than 50 setae present; mandible (Figure) with about 5 large teeth between
apex and median tooth, and not curved ventrally; lacinial setae and galeal setae (Figure) distributed
uniformly over surface; mentum not small and anterior margin not deeply emarginate; tarsus
with spatulate setae; female abdominal sternite VIII prolonged posteriorly; abdominal
tergites not impressed -------------------------------------------------Liparocephalus

Setae present between facets of compound eyes; labrum (Figure) more or less semicircular
and fewer than 30 setae present; mandible (Figure) without large teeth between apex and median
tooth, and curved ventrally; lacinial setae and galeal setae (Figure) distributed on mesal surface;
mentum small, its anterior margin deeply emarginate; tarsus without spatulate setae; female
abdominal sternite VIII not prolonged posteriorly; abdominal tergites III-VI impressed
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Diaulota

Anterior margin of labrum without distinctive denticles; mala with less than 10 spinose setae on
mesal surface; ligula narrow ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

2. Article 1 of antennae (Figure) longer than wide; sensory appendage about as long as article 3;
mandible (Figure) with median tooth large, followed by 3 large serrations and more or less round serration
distinctively present ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Rothium

Article 1 of antennae wider than long; sensory appendage about 2 times as long as article 3;
mandible with median tooth large, followed by 4 large serrations and more or less round serration absent
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bryothinusa

3. Sensilla IIS3 and IIIS4 of antennae absent; mandible without serration between apex and median
tooth; 3--5 pointed spines on anterolateral margin of labium (Figure); submentum narrow and unsclerotized;
1 robust spine on tarsus (Figure); indistinctly articulated urogomphus; 4 large sclerotized anal hooks
(Figure) present --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Amblopusa

Sensilla IIS3 and IIIS4 of antennae (Figure) present; mandible (Figure) with serration between apex
and median tooth; 1 pointed spine or 2--3 more or less sword-shaped spines on anterolateral margin of
labium; submentum broad and sclerotized; 2 robust spines on tarsus; urogomphus articulated or fused to main
body; 4 small unsclerotized anal hooks present or absent -------------------------------------- 4

4. Ratio of length of sensory appendage to length of article 3 of antenna (Figure) less than 1.0;
mandible (Figure) with large serrations between apex and median tooth; 1 pointed spine present on
antero-lateral margin of labium (Figure); urogomphus (Figure) articulated; long, slender seta present
on apex of urogomphus; 4 small unsclerotized anal hooks present --------------------- Liparocephalus

Ratio of length of sensory appendage to length of article 3 of antenna (Figure) more than 1.0;
mandible (Figure) with small serrations between apex and median tooth; 2--3 more or less sword-shaped
spines on anterolateral margin of labium (Figure); urogomphus (Figure) fused to main body; without long,
slender apical seta on urogomphus; anal hooks absent -------------------------------------- Diaulota
Scales of line drawings = 0.1mm.